Structural engineers and architects are familiar with the use of paperboard tubes, which have been employed as formwork for spherical concrete columns in the building industry worldwide since the 1950s. Less widely known is the fact that over the past 20 years, a variety of architectural and housing structures have utilized massive, thick-walled paper tubes (also known as cores), developed for the printing industry. Paper tubes are completely recyclable and very affordable (in comparison to other structural materials). Additionally, they possess the mechanical qualities (strength and stiffness) required to support the structural loads imposed by building codes.
Paperboard tubes are widely used and can be found in all facets of contemporary life. Paperboard 'tube' and paperboard 'core' are terminology that are interchangeable in the industry. They are created for a wide range of consumer goods and industrial purposes and are occasionally seen as commodity products, but the majority of them are actually highly engineered. Globally, industrial winding activities are where the majority of paper tubes are used. In these situations, either paper, film, or textile yarn is wound directly onto paper tubes after being made. The paper tube makes it possible to convey the created material to a conversion operation and aids in the development of a stable roll structure for the wound material.
VISIT TO ANTIQUE SHOPS
I initiated my process by visiting several antique shops in order to find a used piece of furniture or any material that could be repurposed or recycled.
After several visits i came across cardboard tubes and researched a bit about them. Many architects have recycled and repurposed these cardboard tubes in the exterior and interiors of their specific design.
Above are few examples of architects who have repurposed cardboards. I somehow managed to get some cardboards and reused them. I took cardboards of different sizes and thickness and arrange them together in order to get a certain result. I made different arrangements and patterns of the circular tubes which could be used as shelves if made on a bigger scale.
Rethink involves altering your way of thinking about things. Rethink precedent, incorporate new information and solutions, and challenge established paradigms. This category can include investing in more sustainable techniques that can extend the life of the building to reevaluating purely aesthetic design choices and small frills. Working with more regional materials, attempting to comprehend the widest range of design limitations, and ultimately making better, more informed decisions are some examples of these methods.
In all of the instances above, the link between the host building and the new intervention, or the degree of independence of newly added elements, served as a general criterion for the establishment of design principles of recycling. Thus, a single design principle was presented in each case, suggesting adherence to the host structure and little alteration to its appearance. The initial structure controls the intervention and determines how it will be altered. The physical qualities of the host structure are the source of every characteristic of the added elements. The second design tenet suggests that the new elements will have a larger degree of autonomy.
The host building has an impact on the new intervention; some of its traits may come from the original structure, but the "new" speaks just as loudly as the "old." It is possible to make significant changes to the original structure while yet maintaining its spatial logic. The aspects that distinguish the new intervention and should be honored are its volumetric composition, rhythm, and scale. The third design concept suggests that the new elements have the greatest degree of autonomy. The host building and the new intervention have separate languages. The new intervention is not defined by the physical features of the existing building.
Norms for evaluating the intervention
Structure
• No new structures were added; the old structures were kept.
• The old structure was upgraded.
• A new structure that is separate from the old structure was added.
• An additional structure that is reliant on the prior structure.
• Complete replacement of an old structure.
Exterior Materials
• Both new and old materials are seamlessly blended together.
• A distinct divide between the old and new materials that combine harmoniously and the old and new materials that are antagonistic.
Interior
• The materials are completely knitted together, old and new.
• A distinct divide between the old and new materials that combine harmoniously and the old and new materials that are antagonistic.
Form
• The previous building's formal logic, including its volumetric composition and symmetry, is preserved and left unaltered; no new features have been introduced.
• New components are introduced while maintaining the formal logic of the previous structure.
• The old building's formal logic is disturbed.
Organization of space
The internal spaces maintain their original spatial logic.
• The host building's internal areas now follow a different spatial logic, but the new elements' dimensions and locations are still determined by the host building's physical attributes (such as its size, volume, and organization).
• The inner spaces of the host building's spatial logic are changed.
It can be arranged into different patterns for various purposes. The cardboard tubes used in large-format rolls of paper in architectural offices appear to multiply at an alarming rate, filling every nook and crevice until they reach the ceiling.
The Benefits of Recyclability
Architecture can benefit from recycling in two ways:
The ecological aspect comes first. There are a number of potential environmental benefits to recycling:
• It lessens landfill dumping and the usage of natural resources.
• It lessens all associated pollution and the energy needed to produce materials.
• It might lead to materials that are stronger.
The economic component comes next. The benefit of recycling building materials—or anything else, for that matter—is that it will probably only cost a fraction of what it would if it were purchased brand-new. The savings may be significant. It is possible to spare all of the resources used in producing and shipping anything. With its expenses, it is possible to avoid using earthly raw materials.
Paper tubes created from recycled paper are incredibly durable and provide reliable features for industrial items. They can be thought of as "evolved wood" or a "New Form" of Wood in this way. But more crucially, paper tubes may be produced and processed simply in a range of dimensions, including lengths, thicknesses, and diameters.
Eventually I decided to make paper tube shelves in which the visitors can feel more connected to the environment.
On the other hand, for the recycling intervention to be as environmentally sustainable as is practical, a range of physical elements of existing buildings must be taken into account. How environmentally sustainable an intervention is can be determined by the amount of recycled building materials used (using existing materials reduces pollution and energy waste associated with excavation, production, and transportation) and the amount of change made to the old building (the less change made, the less energy and material waste). It follows that, if the host building's condition enables it, the most environmentally responsible recycling intervention will be one that makes the most efficient use of the host building and involves the least amount of change.
The majority of people are used to recycling the paper, plastic, and glass in their household waste today. The adage "reduce, re-use, and recycle" applies equally to buildings themselves, though.
Sustainable design techniques are coming up with creative ways to incorporate sustainability right into their creations. They work to reuse materials, recycle construction waste, and ensure that their structures can be disassembled as quickly as possible at the end of their useful lives in addition to achieving great energy efficiency in their buildings.
It is true that humanity must stop producing as much waste and that it cannot continue to use the environment's resources as if they were limitless. A path to sustained economic growth is to increase resource efficiency. As a result, there will be less demand for resources and energy, as well as less trash being produced. It's a good idea to always keep in mind that nothing on our earth should be "thrown away."
Recycling as a source of inspiration for architecture shows up on various levels of comprehension and application, such as recycling of building materials, functions or conversion, structural components, historicism or form, and ideas or the use of a previous idea.
REFERENCES
SZOKOLAY, Steven: Introduction to Architectural Science-the basis of sustainable design. London, 2004.
Jäger, F. P. (2010) “Design Manual for Revitalizing Existing Buildings”, Birkhäuser GmbH, Basel, Switzerland, pp. 18- 178.
EDWARDS, Brian: Rough guide to sustainability. London, 2005.
Hillebrandt, Annette; Riegler-Floors, Petra; Rosen, Anja; Seggewies, Johanna-Katharina. Manual of Recycling: Building as Sources of Materials. Edition Detail. 2019
BRAGANÇA, Luis & CUCHI, Albert: Portugal SB07. Sustainable construction, materials and practices. Lisboa, 2007.
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